Sliding bearings are mechanical components that help moving parts slide smoothly over a surface. These bearings do not have any rolling elements, they function by having one surface slide over another while keeping friction minimal.
For example, sliding bearings enable the crankshaft to rotate smoothly within a car’s engine block. To maintain minimal friction between the sliding surface, proper lubrication is essential.
These bearings are also known as plain bearings.
Why Do These Bearings Matter?
Large industrial fans that run in a power plant require the shaft to rotate seamlessly for long hours or days which is made possible by sliding bearings. They are ideal bearings for such applications.
Sliding bearings’ wide surface area distributes the load more evenly, reducing stress concentrations.
To be precise, many large industrial machines would not work without sliding bearings. For instance, hydroelectric plants that fulfill the power needs of many people across countries utilise water-lubricated sliding bearings to support massive rotors in turbines.
These bearings can function underwater, endure heavy pressure, and last for decades with minimal maintenance.
The Role of Lubrication
If there is no lubricant to provide smooth motion, metal-on-metal contact would cause heat, wear, and bearing failure eventually.
Basically, lubricants such as grease or oil form a thin film between surfaces, preventing direct contact and keeping friction minimal to almost zero. They also enhance the performance of bearings.
Advantages of Sliding Bearings
Sliding bearings are technically more efficient than other bearings.
These bearings can easily manage heavy radial loads.
They require minimal maintenance.
The cost of manufacturing these bearings is comparatively low.
They do not make noise during operation.
- Industrial plants: Industrial plants use sliding bearings to support heavy equipment by permitting limited movement as these bearings help reduce vibrations and dynamic forces. As a result, this minimizes wear and maintains alignment. Industrial machines such as conveyors and compressors also employ these bearings.
- Construction equipment: Sliding bearings are designed into heavy machines such as bulldozers, cranes, and excavators to withstand loads with little or no wear.
- Pipelines: Sliding bearings are essential in long pipeline systems, allowing sections to move slightly as temperatures rise or the ground shifts, preventing damage from misalignment.
- Automotive: In cars, sliding bearings ensure smooth operation – from holding together engine parts to lessening friction within suspension and steering systems.
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